Locomotive draft appliance



June 24, 1930.

w. T. RAY LOCOMOTIVE DRAFT APPLIANCE Filed March 26 1929 INVENTOR.

Will-La '11. Hag

' ATTORNEYS.

Fatented June 24, 1930 U ITED s 'raras WILLIAM 'r.- BAY, OF WICHITA,ansas LOCOMOTIVE DRAFT APPLIANCE- I f Application fil ed'lviarch26,1929. Serial No. 350,105.

The present invention relates to locomotive draft appliances of thecharacter more directly associated with the smoke stacks and nozzlesforthe directing of live steam 5 or the exhaust steainfromthe cylindersthru the smoke stacks to augment furnace draft. c v

Because of the unusual conditions under which a locomotive furnace mustbe designed and operated, it is necessary thata forced draft beprovided, since the natural draft.

under such adverse conditions is very poor. A blower, such as adischarge of, live steam is used in the stack to create, a draft thruthe furnace when the locomotive is not moving and when the locomotive isin operation the exhaust from the cylinders is discharged under thestack to create the furnace draft;

After" the steam has expanded'in thecylin an exhaust nozzle'and directedthru an exhaust nozzle tip which is located 'directly under the centerof the stack. The steam in passing upwardly thru the stack to the at rmosphere mixes with the furnace gas and pulls 1t out causing a partialvacuum 1n the smoke box. Thus the'gas from the furnace is induced toflow from the furnace thru the fiue's, down under a baffle wall, thenthru a suitable screen, and finally' mixed with-the stack to theatmosphere.

At present there'is considerable loss in the efficiency of thisequipment caused by the steam from the exhaust tip blowing upthru thecenter of thestack and not completely filling it, thus allowing a downmovement of air around theinside of the stack to replace thegas pulledout by the exhaust, which checks the draft of the furnaceto a certainextent, by reducing the vacuum that could be obtained if the stack werecomplete- 1y filled with gas and exhaust. steam moving out to theatmosphere. An attempt has been made'to overcome this by using devicesor formations directly associated with the nozzle tip for the purposeofbreakingup the exhaust andcausing it to fill more of the area of thestack. This equipment has been partially successful to this end, butthis gain ders of the locomotive it iscarried thru,

plianc'e orexhaust deflector constructed ac- I p I cording to thepresent invention. exhaust steam to be carried out thru the c is morethan'offset by the loss inadded resistance to the exhaust which causes ahigher back pressure witha resulting loss of power.

The principal objects of the present'ina vention are to provideappliances which make for efficiency and economy, by utilizv 'ing themajorportion, if not all of the steam directed upwardly from the nozzleto causean efficient furnace draft and to reduce the back pressure orresistance to moveso ment, of the exhaust steam from the cylinders byappliances which permit the use of nozzles .havmg larger open ngs thanthose in common use; and to'provide appliances which may be attached toor used with equip 'mentcommon to locomotives in use at the p'resenttim'e. I r V Other objects and advantagesfofthe in vention will appearin thefollowing detailed o description, taken in connection with theac-7O companying drawingyforming a partof this specification, and in whichdrawing Figure 1 is a fragmentary side elevation of aloc'omotivapartsbeing broken away and shown in section to disclose details,-thelocomotive being equipped with a draft applianceaccording to the presentinventionw Figure 2 is a side elevationof a draft ap- Figure 8 is abottom plan view of the same. I

Figure 4 is a central vertical sectional view. I v

In the drawings where like characters designate like or similar. partsth'ruout the views, A designates a locomotive boiler including flues or'fire tubes B; C the smoke box and its associated smoke stackD; E anengine cylinder; F the associated steam chest 90. or'valve chamber; Gthe exhaust nozzle with a suitable tip H axially aligned with the smokestack 1), and J the steam pipe for supply of live steam from the boilerA to the steam. chest F; K the baffle wall against'which the flue gasesimpinge and are guided to the All of the foregoing may be of anysuitable or approved design common to locomotives now in use with theexception that the orifice of nozzle'tip H may be larger than iscommonly provided so as to reduce back pressure in the exhaust ways fromthe locomotive cylinders, loss of eflici-ency of the haust steam as adraft producing medium being-avoided by use of the present inventionwhich may be termed an exhaust deflector, designated as M in thedrawing.

In a practical installation this exhaust deflector may be attached toorsupported by a saddle casting N provided beneath the smoke stacl: D ofsome locomotives or may be supported in any suitable manner beneath thesmoke stack so as to align axially therewith and form an entrance wayfor the gases to the stack.

The main body portion of the exhaust a 1 yr- QH -y. .s an

e 8c 01 l is pie eia ,y a casin 0. Ellen. preferably elongated andcylindrical in shape. To strengthen its lower margin, and

I provide a rounded surface beneath which portion of the shell.

'gases to the stack.

any suitable arrangement may be provided to prevent egress oringress ofgases or steam where the exhaust deflector join the stack D.

By use of bolts 11 provided with nuts 12, the exhaust deflector may besecured to the saddle casting Nbeneath the stack 1) in such a mannerthat the way 13 of the exhaust deflector aligns with the way 14 of thestack so that the way 13 acts as an entrance for the Located within thecasing or shell 5 and extending from the internal wall surface thereofare a plurality of wings 15 arranged in inclined relation to the axis ofthe casing or shell. These wings are preferably flat, that is, providingsubstantially flat upper and lower surfaces 16 and 17, as shown inFigure 4, which facilitates manufacture, and the lower flat surface 17serving to guide the exhaust steam issuing from the nozzle tip H to takea spiral path upwardly thru the Ways 13 and 14 adjacent the inner wallsurfaces of the exhaust deflector and smoke stack. These wings arepreferably arranged in the same circumferential zone as shown in Figure4 and are spaced apart to provide a clear central open way andlongitudinal straight'clear openings at the interior Wall of the shellor casing, when viewed from either end of the shell, as shown in nigure3.

By this arrangement the steam issuing from the nozzle tip center maypass upwardly thru the smoke stack in substantially the same manner asis common in the present day locomotive, but the steam issuing from hemarginal portion of the tip orifice impinges against the under sides ofthe wings and are caused to move in a spiral path upwardly as indicatedby dash lines in ways 13 and 1% of Figure 1, thus completely filling thestack and preventing down movement of airaround the inside of the stackas hereinbefore mentioned.

By this spacing of the wings, manufacture of the exhaust deflector isgreatly facilitated for it may be made of cast metal.

The Wings 15 may be formed integral with the casing 01' shell, or theymay be welded or otherwise secured, preferably made of case hardenedsteel or treated as to the lower faces 17 in such a manner that cindersand other foreign matter will have little if any abrasive actionthereon.

.Various minor changes in detail of construction, proportion andarrangement of parts may be resorted to, when required, withoutsacrificing any of the advantages of the invention as defined in theappended claims.

I claim:

1. An exhaust deflector for locomotives comprising a cylindrical shell,and a plurality of flat wings extending from the internal wall surfaceof thecylinder and arranged in inclined relation to the axis of thecylinder.

2. An exhaust deflector for locomotives comprising a cylindrical shell,and a plurality of wings extending from the internal I wall surface ofthe cylinder and arranged in inclined relation to the axis of thecylinder.

3. An exhaust deflector for locomotives comprising a cylindrical shell,and a plurality of wings extending from the internal wall surface of thecylinder, said wings arranged in the same circumferential zone and in inclined relation to the axis of the cylinder.

4. An exhaust deflector for locomotives comprising an elongated shellproviding a way for the passage of exhaust steam and gases, and aplurality of wings extending from the interior wall surface of the shelland arranged in inclined relation to the axis of the way, said wingsspaced apart to provide a clear central open way and longitudinallystraight clear openings at the interior wall of the shell, when viewedfrom either end of the shell. 7

5. In combination with the smoke stack and exhaust nozzle of alocomotive, a shell disposed below the stack and above the nozle, andarranged as an entrance way of gases to the stack, and a plurality ofinclined wings carried by said shell at the interior thereof.

' WVILLIAM 'l RAY.

